Yog txhua leej txhua tus yuav paub tus txheem qauv rau ib tug npauj los yog npauj npaim – zoo li tej khaub plev kom mus zoo raws cov kua paj ntoo nws nkaum hauv paj. Feem coob ntawm cov Lepidoptera muaj diversified alongside cov tawg angiosperm hlav, cov feem miv thiab ntau txog lub neej nyob rau ntiaj teb ib qhov. No paradigm tiam sis tsis muaj feem xyuam rau cov Micropterigidae, uas sawv cev tsis tas cov feem basal lineage ntawm cov Lepidoptera, tiam sis yog ib tug ntawm peb tsev neeg uas tau khaws cia mandibles kev sib tsoo paj ntoos los yog tej noob kab mob thiab khi bryophytes, ntau cov plhaws los yog ho nphav kiag li ib cov menyuam kab txoj party. Cov kev xav ua raws li cov pab pawg no ntau haiv tau raws lub hnub nyoog loj heev ntawm tus lineage (110 lab lub xyoo) thiab ib buildup ntawm ancient genera. A tsis ntev los no tus ntawv hom Japanese cov Micropterigidae Yume Imada thiab nws lug txhawb cov miv nyob Kyoto University muab pov thawj mus cuag thiab siv molecular sim lub hypothesis ntawm allopatric speciation tsis muaj niche ua haujlwm rua kev.
Tus sau phau ntawv mus rau 46 localities hla tus Japanese archipelago thiab sau tag nrho 16 paub tias hom twg, ob peb hom tshiab, thiab ib tug genus tshiab heev tejzaum nws. Nrhiav cov npaub rau cov qus yog tsis nyuaj ntawd xwb yog koj paub tias yuav ua li cas thiaj nrhiav tau lub vaj tsev thiab ua licas thiaj tsis lov tawm pob zeb nplua; tab sis thaum koj pom tias qhov nqaij ntawd lub npaub kuj yog pab. Micropterigidae muaj unsurprisingly txuam nrog lawv bryophytes, uas tshwm sim hauv noo yeej raws ntws thiab dej ntws. Qhov tsw xwm ntawm ib pliag thiab qeeb tsiv tsiaj hauv twb raug rho tawm lends xwb los allopatric speciation. Muaj ntau lub microlepidoptera ya NW nyuam qhuav off of cov tswv tsev cog thiab txawm tias lawv yeej ua li lawv tsis paub tias mus ntev distance dispersal. Thaum uas feem ntau cov genera thiab hom yog kiag li cais nyob rau Nyiajpoom teb muaj ntau zaus ob peb qhov chaw uas cov genus Paramartyria tshwm sim li ntawm coob txog Issikiomartyria. Thaum tseem tsis paub precisely li cas cov hom yuav partition lawv cov kev pab ntawd nws yog mas tej zaum yuav sib txawv nyob hauv koj lub neej mus temporal. Ntawm no nyob rau hauv xeev California muaj yog ib ruam tag vastly complex ntawm Apodemia butterflies comprise ib handful ntawm hom thiab (tau mas) subspecies uas yog partitioned rau tib tsob zaub thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab nplooj ntoos zeeg yuav nteg qe caij.
Impressively, txhua micropterigid sau raws li cov tau nyob rau lub Conocephalum conicum hom liverwort, tis ntawd tau kaum plaub txog lwm bryophyte hom muaj nyob hauv tus vaj tsev tib. Nws twb raug ntev to taub tias cov neeg Esxias Micropterigidae tej yam ua kua rau liverworts, tab sis, raws li qhov lawv party things twb yeej tsis tau quantified. Pub tus cwj pwm zoo nkaus li ib yam yuav hla tas nrho cov hom surveyed, cov kab lia grazing nyob rau saum lub bryophytes haus cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nqaij sab sauv.
Phylogenetic tsom ntawm qhov COI, 18S thiab noob EF-1α generated mas zoo tib yam ntoo uas siv ntau txoj kev analytical. Nws zoo nkaus li uas lub teb Japanese genera thiab cov Conocephalum txaus siab monophyletic clade noj daim ntawv uas zoo li tus dej (hauv ntsuab). Hauv ntej, tawg rau ntawm tus tswv tsev qhia tseeb Micropterigidae coincide nrog rau kev sib cais, uplift, thiab cov kev rho tawm ntawm tus Japanese landmass roughly 20 lab lub xyoo dhau los. Nws yuav tsis tau yooj yim tshaj tawm tias tus Japanese Micropterigidae rau ntau haiv yuav tsuas yog li qub yog tias koj yog nws tus kheej lub hypothesis; thiab nws tseem yog ib lees Disease fact niaj hnub ntawd allopatric speciation muaj ntau feem dua ib zaug xav. Tiamsis quantifying no theories thiab piav li cas thiab vim li cas thiaj zoo li no yog raws nraim li cas cov kev kawm uas yog hais txog.
Rau cov chaw ntawv
Imada Y, A Kawakita, & Kato M (2011). Tis allopatric thiab diversification tsis muaj niche ceev rau ib bryophyte-noj basal npauj lineage (Lepidoptera: Micropterigidae). Zaug. Sciences lom / Cov haiv neeg muaj koob muaj npe, 278 (1721), 3026-33 PMID: 21367790
Scoble, MJ. (1992). Lub Lepidoptera: Daim ntawv, muaj nuj nqi, thiab ntau haiv. Oxford Univ. Xovxwm.
Nthuav. Nco ntsoov tias tib hom kab [kom kuv paub] ntawm Micropterygidae lub thaj hauv U.S., Epimartynia pardella, tseem yuav Conocephalum conicum. [unpublished obs.] Tsis paub tias nws zes nyob rau hauv hom kab Japanese, tab sis, kuv muaj lus nug uas cov japanese hom yuav tsum tau qha tsis pub dhau lub confines ntawm tus tam sim no archipelago…