Zaj dabneeg uas muaj ntau San Francisco butterflies yeej paub zoo thiab depressing. Tsam tau raug hnyav ncawv nyob rau ntawm tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob rau ntau tshaj li ob centuries thiab yog ib lub tsev mus thawj paub tias piv txwv txog kev tu noob npauj npaim American infamous, tus Xerces xiav. Hos lwm butterflies uas nws muaj dai rau, los yog nrhiav kev pab los dai rau xav tus Lub hom phiaj xiav, qee yam zoo ib yam li cov Bay Checkerspot muaj tseem tsis kam dua cov kev siv zog rau reintroduction valiant. Hnub no, qhov tsuas paub colony ntawm lub Bay Checkerspot yog li raug Clara County rau ntawm ib qhov chaw hu ua hma caj. Nees nkaum ib xyoos ntawm txoj kev tshawb ntawm cov checkerspot muab siab kho nyob rau hauv cov 1960's thiab 70's los ntawm tus biologist nto moo tsaus Paul Ehrlich uas yog muab cov impetus rau tsoom fwv teb chaws cov qhia nyob rau hauv 1987. Li ntawm 1998 colonies qhov nws kawm tau txij thaum ncaim ploj tag lawm. Ntawm no yog ib qho excerpt ntawm ib 1980 ntawv nyob ntawm phau ntawv Journal ntawm lub Lepidopterists’ Haiv neeg “Ob California Checkerspot npauj npaim hom, Ib tug tshiab, Ib tug ntawm cov Verge ntawm Extinction” (.pdf).
“Tus Bay Checkerspot twb yog tus npauj npaim endangered. Meem tu siab no yog tag nrho qhov ntau distressing vim nws ceev yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub tias cov – ecologically thiab txhob kaw – cov kev invertebrate. Peb yuav sim tau xeem cov kev tiv thaiv rau E. E. bayensis thiab vim muaj ib co thwmsim los recolonize cov chaw uas tsim tej vaj tse uas tam sim no tsis muaj.”
Tag nrho cov kev siv zog hum no npauj npaim muaj tejyam, thiab lub neej tom ntej no cov tsiaj tsis nrhiav kaj.
Thiab ua li ntawd, raws nraim li no lub npe creatures? Nyob rau hauv 1937 Robert F. Sternitzky piav seb nws xav li cas yuav tsum muaj ib cov npauj npaim San Francisco overlooked “Euphydryas editha var. bayensis“. Hnub no lub subspecies roughly tshaj cov kawmntawv variations thiab Asxis thaum ntxov yog – thiaj li tseem tshuav tus npauj npaim bayensis xyoo lawm los ua ib tug mascot rau kev txuag. Tab sis, qhov twg yog qhov kawg thawj Euphydras editha ntawm thiab seb puas tau rau San Francisco bayensis txawv? Hmoov tsis tau hauj lwm tus yuavtsum yog vague thiab cias collecting tas nyob li “California”, thaum muaj tus cwj pwm tsis muaj hmoo ntawm Boisduval leej twg piav tus npauj npaim 1852. Tiam sis txhua vam cia yuav tsis poob lawm vim cov Fabkis Lepidopterist muaj koob npe yog coj nrws xa rau nws los ntawm lub xeev California earliest Lepidopterist, Pierre Joseph Michel Lorquin. Tus xav ua kub prospector thiab npauj npaim collector, Lorquin kwv tij California ntawm 1849 mus 1858 thiab ua dua 1869. Txhua npauj npaim uas lawv twb muab xa rov tuaj rau Fabkis yog ib hom kab tshiab thiab tom qab piav los Boisduval – leej twg tau kawg hu ua ib qho ntawm California qhov zoo nkauj tshaj butterflies tom Lorquin.
Sau Emmel, Emmel thiab Mattoon rau 1994 uas tau sau ntawv rau Systematics of Western North American Butterflies. In the Process of tu pem qhov mess ntawm thaj no hom thaum lawv yuav tau me ib Lectotype rau E. editha editha vim koj yeej tsis Boisduval tas ib Holotype nyob rau hauv 1852. Yeej tseem zoo nws npe hu ua ib tus tshiab hom tsis muaj designating tus taxonomic cov txheej txheem rau cov pab pawg, ua hauj lwm rau yav tom ntej tsis meej xwm rau taxonomists. Thankfully lub tsev ntawm cov Lorquin muaj roughly lawm yav tas los thiab peb yuav ascertain tau tias nws yuav tsum tau nyob San Francisco ib ncig 1849. Counselor ntawm lub nrws mus rau lub Checkerspot Bay yuavtsum ua rau kev nyuaj siab loj rooj plaub uas nws tau no npauj npaim tuaj rau Fabkis ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Yog li ntawm no nrhiav is lub Bay Checkerspot Euphydryas editha bayensis ua synonymy uas muaj lub npe laus Euphydryas editha editha. Lub npe bayensis dissappeared zoo vim nws twb rov piav txog ib tug npauj npaim ntawd twb paub tias.
Euphydryas e. Editha thaum nws puv tau paub los ntawm xeev California nqaum los ntawm thaj av ntawd bay mus San Luis Obispo – thiab kom voila, cov kab kev los ntawm cov kev Checkerspot Bay xwb pob tawg lawm. Tab sis, tiv thaiv cov dab neeg tsis yog tej yam uas yooj yim thiab tus npauj npaim tsis tau zoo magically muaj npe hloov. Kev txuag pawg ecologist ncaws thiab screamed thiab tsis kam txais txoj kev hloov, Txawm tias cov Lub neej Xerces Ius dhia ntawd rau board nrog rau kev pom zoo ntawm taxonomists los tsis ua li cas kuv thiaj tsuas muaj kev pov plob no ntshai yuav pom tias lawv tus npauj npaim no lawm lawv.
Kuv mam li feem ntau hais tias qhov no tsis txhais tias coob hauv cov bay yog tsis raug teeb meem – tseem xav kom tiv thaiv cov kev ceev biologically tseem ceeb li ho tsis. Yeej thoob thaj av ntawd muaj txojkev ntshai heev txawm mus tsis tu ncua thiab pernicious (pdf). Nyob rau txhua lub npe hloov yog tsis tseem ceeb, peb yuav tam sim no hu tau rau Edith Checkerspot tus Bay Checkerspot, thiab tseem sib ntaus kev tiv thaiv no npauj npaim. Kuv xav paub tseeb tias yuav tsum kho lub teb chaws register, thiab yog hais tias nws yog cov tau tsim kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus tsiaj ntawd nyiam no tsis rov petitioning ua hom kab endangered. Saib tsam ces kuv yeej to taub txog qhov kev khaw cov kev hloov npe vim sab nraud nws zoo li cov kab no lawm lawv. Rau lwm cov tes, qhov no kuj yuav coj kom coob txog ib tug npauj npaim uas muaj tau overlooked xyoo lawm.
Ntau tsaug John Pelham rau conferring nrog kuv nyob no mob taub hau taxonomic.
